食品安全犯罪的法律归属再探讨

新近学界泛起将食品安全犯罪的法律归属调整到危害公共安全罪的观点，其立论的最大“法宝”在于食品安全犯罪侵害了不特定多数人的健康生命权，即公共安全。其实，“危害后果严重”不是判断主要客体的依据，食品安全犯罪的法律归属取决于其行为特性和本国立法价值取向及立法传统。食品安全犯罪与传统的危害公共安全罪不具有兼容性，将其归属于生产、销售伪劣商品罪并无不妥。     

走出对道德与经济基础关系认识的误区

学术界对经济基础概念的理解存在着误区，把经济基础看作经济水平、经济条件即生产力，认为生产力直接决定道德，不理解生产力对道德的影响是间接的而不是直接的，从而无法说明人的私有观念的产生和发展，无法说明道德的阶级性，看不到政治思想、政治制度对道德的影响，夸大了道德的相对独立性。     

19世纪末20世纪初俄国远东经济发展中的亚洲移民--以中国人和朝鲜人为例

1860年后，俄国远东地区出现大量亚洲移民，其中包括中国人、朝鲜人和日本人。日本人数量较少，主要进行捕鱼作业。中国人和朝鲜人则遍布俄国远东各个经济领域。虽然俄国政府对外来移民的政策几经调整，但在远东劳动力极度匮乏的情况下，中国人和朝鲜人在俄国各经济领域仍然得到广泛使用，中国人和朝鲜人不仅为俄国远东提供了廉价劳动力，也为远东地区经济发展，边区稳定做出了重要贡献。     

A new financial stress index model based on support vector regression and control chart

Financial stress index (FSI) is considered to be an important risk management tool to quantify financial vulnerabilities. This paper proposes a new framework based on a hybrid classifier model that integrates rough set theory (RST), FSI, support vector regression (SVR) and a control chart to identify stressed periods. First, the RST method is applied to select variables. The outputs are used as input data for FSI–SVR computation. Empirical analysis is conducted based on monthly FSI of the Federal Reserve Bank of Saint Louis from January 1992 to June 2011. A comparison study is performed between FSI based on the principal component analysis and FSI–SVR. A control chart based on FSI–SVR and extreme value theory is proposed to identify the extremely stressed periods. Our approach identified different stressed periods including internet bubble, subprime crisis and actual financial stress episodes, along with the calmest periods, agreeing with those given by Federal Reserve System reports.     

For better,for worse? Public support for the capitalist model of the economy

A capitalist market economy is based on several institutional elements, such as private ownership and competition. Does public support for this economic model rise if the economy prospers, and fall during a downturn? Or is public support largely independent of the ups and downs of economic cycles? We hypothesize that positive economic performance increases support and that persons profiting personally are more supportive of the economic system's constitutive institutional elements. Using multilevel regression we study the determinants of individual-level support for the economic system. We also test for differences in the perception of economic performance due to political attitudes and personal properties. The findings partly support the hypotheses, indicating that macro-economic factors matter for individual-level attitudes towards the economy. Attitudes towards different institutional elements of the economic system also differ in the degree to which they are political or economic, and influenced by economic performance. Individual features – education and personal economic stakes – affect attitudes towards the economy, but a substantial share of the individual-level variation in economic attitudes remains unexplained.     

Social investment effects of public education,health care,and welfare service expenditures on economic growth

The purpose of this study is to theoretically and empirically examine whether public spending in education, health care, and welfare service operates as a fruitful investment in welfare states, which has been implied in the literature of social investment arguments. Based on comprehensive review of existing literature, this study suggested a tripartite mechanism of social investment effect of such spending, that is “enhancement of human capital,” “support for labor force participation,” and “job creation.” To find the empirical evidence, a pooled time‐series cross‐section analysis was conducted with the data of 15 advanced welfare states from 1980 to 2015 using estimation technique of fixed‐effect model. The results confirmed that public spending in education, health care, and welfare service had a positive medium‐term as well as long‐term effect on economic performance, while cash‐type welfare spending had an obscure or no visible effect on economy. Government consumption that is a proxy and control variable of size of the welfare state showed a positive effect on real GDP in the medium term but a negative effect in the long run. In conclusion, this study suggests that reinforcing social services should be recognized and dealt with as essence of social investment strategy.     

基于交叉效率和合作博弈的决策单元排序方法

在数据包络分析中，大量的交叉效率模型已被提出。然而选择不同的目标模型将实现不一样的交叉效率评价。本文基于针对单个决策单元实施的对抗型和仁慈型两个交叉效率模型，用合作博弈方法来研究交叉效率模型的选取，并利用Shapley值对决策单元进行排序。最后通过实例分析显示该排序方法充分利用了最小交叉效率和最大交叉效率的信息完全排序了所有决策单元，具有一定的综合性和合理性。     

基于人力资源管理价值链视角的“用工荒”现象分析

本文基于人力资源管理价值链的视角，分析了政府和企业在农民工这一特殊人力资源类型的价值创造、价值评价和价值分配的三个环节管理中存在的问题。这些问题最终导致了＂用工荒＂现象的产生。政府层面存在的主要问题有：在价值评创造环节中，缺乏对低端劳动力群体的规划、建立统一的劳动力市场和对农民工技能培训经费的投入不足；在价值评价环节，缺乏对技能人才的评价机制；在价值分配环节，对农民工利益保障的立法不完善且执法不严。企业层面存在的主要问题有：在价值创造环节，只重使用，不重培养；在价值评价环节，缺乏多种评价手段；在价值分配环节，企业发放给农民工的薪酬福利低，针对以上问题，从政府和企业两个层面，提出了相应的解决对策。     

劳动的社会价值测度研究

当今，知识和信息技术的价值化和产业化使得一般人类劳动出现了体力劳动和脑力劳动的分化，且有不同的价值体现，故马克思提出的简单劳动和复杂劳动需要重新定义，将体力劳动定义为简单劳动，脑力劳动定义为复杂劳动。简单劳动是一次耗费，一次凝结并物化到劳动产品的价值中，而复杂劳动是整体或连续性的凝结到知识及与知识相关的产品中。简单劳动和复杂劳动的价值测度模型表明：在完美市场状态下，如果简单劳动的社会劳动生产率提高，那么复杂劳动者的价值也会相应提高。据此，我国要建立健全劳动力市场，就要注重劳动的平等性，对于复杂劳动要建立长效的报酬机制，鼓励创新和社会价值的提升；对于简单劳动要建立充分的竞争机制，给予简单劳动者二次分配后的社会福利与收入补贴。     

论“莱西会议精神”对新时期全面深化农村基层党组织建设的价值和意义

农村基层党组织是党在农村的神经末梢,也是党的路线、方针、政策的"终端"推动者和实践者。现阶段农村党组织建设面临新兴组织不断涌现与党组织作用削弱的不适应,"权力和资源缺失"与服务刚性增强的不适应,村民自治进一步发展与群众政治参与欠充分的不适应,群众诉求多样化与满足渠道单一的不适应,部分党员党性不强、意识淡化与始终保持先进性的要求不适应等问题。在加强以党支部为核心的农村基层组织建设的"莱西会议精神"指导下,全面深化农村基层党组织建设:思想上高度认识是前提,加强支部建设是核心,坚持法治、完善村民自治是重点,紧扣服务、创新制度是关键,统筹协调、综合配套是保障。